commit e8ee558c85b1a7f6d6ff92a5ed3a47c9e7f8daab
Author: Antoine Amarilli <a3nm@a3nm.net>
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 2021 20:48:19 +0100
import report
Diffstat:
| .gitignore | | | 4 | ++++ |
| acmart.cls | | | 3012 | +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ |
| report.tex | | | 207 | +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ |
3 files changed, 3223 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+report.pdf
+report.out
+report.vtc
+report.log
diff --git a/acmart.cls b/acmart.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,3012 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `acmart.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% acmart.dtx (with options: `class')
+%%
+%% IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+%%
+%% For the copyright see the source file.
+%%
+%% Any modified versions of this file must be renamed
+%% with new filenames distinct from acmart.cls.
+%%
+%% For distribution of the original source see the terms
+%% for copying and modification in the file acmart.dtx.
+%%
+%% This generated file may be distributed as long as the
+%% original source files, as listed above, are part of the
+%% same distribution. (The sources need not necessarily be
+%% in the same archive or directory.)
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesClass{acmart}
+[2020/11/15 v1.75 Typesetting articles for the Association for Computing Machinery]
+\def\@classname{acmart}
+\InputIfFileExists{acmart-preload-hook.tex}{%
+ \ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+ I am loading acmart-preload-hook.tex. You are fully responsible
+ for any problems from now on.}}{}
+\RequirePackage{xkeyval}
+\RequirePackage{xstring}
+\RequirePackage{iftex}
+\define@choicekey*+{acmart.cls}{format}[\ACM@format\ACM@format@nr]{%
+ manuscript, acmsmall, acmlarge, acmtog, sigconf, siggraph,
+ sigplan, sigchi, sigchi-a}[manuscript]{}{%
+ \ClassError{\@classname}{The option format must be manuscript,
+ acmsmall, acmlarge, acmtog, sigconf, siggraph,
+ sigplan, sigchi or sigchi-a}}
+\def\@DeclareACMFormat#1{\DeclareOptionX{#1}{\setkeys{acmart.cls}{format=#1}}}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{manuscript}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmsmall}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmlarge}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmtog}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigconf}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{siggraph}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigplan}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigchi}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigchi-a}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{format}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{screen}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@screen
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using screen mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option screen can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{screen=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{urlbreakonhyphens}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@urlbreakonhyphens
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using breaking urls on hyphens}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not breaking urls on hyphens}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option urlbreakonhyphens can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{urlbreakonhyphens=true}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{acmthm}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@acmthm
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Requiring acmthm}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing acmthm}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option acmthm can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{acmthm=true}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{review}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@review
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using review mode}%
+ \AtBeginDocument{\@ACM@printfoliostrue}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using review mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option review can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{review=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{authorversion}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@authorversion
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using authorversion mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using authorversion mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option authorversion can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{authorversion=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{nonacm}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@nonacm
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using nonacm mode}%
+ \AtBeginDocument{\@ACM@printacmreffalse}%
+ % in 'nonacm' mode we disable the "ACM Reference Format"
+ % printing by default, but this can be re-enabled by the
+ % user using \settopmatter{printacmref=true}
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using nonacm mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option nonacm can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{nonacm=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{balance}[true]{}{%
+ \PackageError{\@classname}{The option balance can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{balance}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{natbib}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@natbib
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Explicitly selecting natbib mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Explicitly deselecting natbib mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option natbib can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{natbib=true}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{anonymous}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using anonymous mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using anonymous mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option anonymous can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{anonymous=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{timestamp}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@timestamp
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using timestamp mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using timestamp mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option timestamp can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{timestamp=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{authordraft}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@authordraft
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using authordraft mode}%
+ \@ACM@timestamptrue
+ \@ACM@reviewtrue
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using authordraft mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option authordraft can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{authordraft=false}
+\def\ACM@fontsize{}
+\DeclareOptionX{9pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{10pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{11pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{12pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{draft}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{amsart}}
+\DeclareOptionX{*}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{amsart}}
+\ProcessOptionsX
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using format \ACM@format, number \ACM@format@nr}
+\newif\if@ACM@manuscript
+\newif\if@ACM@journal
+\newif\if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+\newif\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=5\relax % siggraph
+\ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+ The format siggraph is now obsolete.\MessageBreak
+ I am switching to sigconf.}
+ \setkeys{acmart.cls}{format=sigconf}
+\fi
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=7\relax % sigchi
+\ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+ The format sigchi is now obsolete.\MessageBreak
+ I am switching to sigconf.}
+ \setkeys{acmart.cls}{format=sigconf}
+\fi
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=8\relax % sigchi
+\ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+ ACM SIGCHI has retired the SIGCHI-A template\MessageBreak
+ effective immediately. ACM is keeping this template\MessageBreak
+ option available to authors who are working on legacy\MessageBreak
+ documents only. ACM will not, under any circumstances,\MessageBreak
+ accept documents in this format for publication and\MessageBreak
+ will not offer technical support to the authors who use\MessageBreak
+ this template.\MessageBreak
+ ACM SIGCHI is directing Conference leaders and\MessageBreak
+ authors to publish their articles using the SIGCONF\MessageBreak
+ template call.}
+\fi
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=0\relax
+ \@ACM@manuscripttrue
+\else
+ \@ACM@manuscriptfalse
+\fi
+\@ACM@sigchiamodefalse
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+ \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmsmall
+ \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmlarge
+ \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmtog
+ \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % sigconf
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+\or % siggraph
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+ \or % sigplan
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+ \or % sigchi
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+ \@ACM@sigchiamodetrue
+\fi
+\if@ACM@journal
+ \@ACM@journal@bibstriptrue
+\else
+ \@ACM@journal@bibstripfalse
+\fi
+\ifx\ACM@fontsize\@empty
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \or % acmtog
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % sigconf
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % siggraph
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % sigplan
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \or % sigchi
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \fi
+\fi
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using fontsize \ACM@fontsize}
+\LoadClass[\ACM@fontsize, reqno]{amsart}
+\RequirePackage{microtype}
+\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+\RequirePackage{booktabs}
+\RequirePackage{refcount}
+\RequirePackage{totpages}
+\RequirePackage{environ}
+\if@ACM@manuscript
+\RequirePackage{setspace}
+\onehalfspacing
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{textcase}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+ \RequirePackage{natbib}
+ \renewcommand{\bibsection}{%
+ \section*{\refname}%
+ \phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname}%
+ }
+ \renewcommand{\bibfont}{\bibliofont}
+ \renewcommand\setcitestyle[1]{
+ \@for\@tempa:=#1\do
+ {\def\@tempb{round}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{(}\renewcommand\NAT@close{)}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{square}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{[}\renewcommand\NAT@close{]}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{angle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{$<$}\renewcommand\NAT@close{$>$}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{curly}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{\{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{\}}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{semicolon}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{colon}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{comma}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@sep{,}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{authoryear}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \NAT@numbersfalse\fi
+ \def\@tempb{numbers}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \NAT@numberstrue\NAT@superfalse\fi
+ \def\@tempb{super}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \NAT@numberstrue\NAT@supertrue\fi
+ \def\@tempb{nobibstyle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \let\bibstyle=\@gobble\fi
+ \def\@tempb{bibstyle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \let\bibstyle=\@citestyle\fi
+ \def\@tempb{sort}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@sort{\@ne}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{nosort}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@sort{\z@}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{compress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@cmprs{\@ne}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{nocompress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@cmprs{\z@}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{sort&compress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@sort{\@ne}\def\NAT@cmprs{\@ne}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{mcite}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \let\NAT@merge\@ne\fi
+ \def\@tempb{merge}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \@ifnum{\NAT@merge<\tw@}{\let\NAT@merge\tw@}{}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{elide}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \@ifnum{\NAT@merge<\thr@@}{\let\NAT@merge\thr@@}{}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{longnamesfirst}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \NAT@longnamestrue\fi
+ \def\@tempb{nonamebreak}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@nmfmt#1{\mbox{\NAT@up#1}}\fi
+ \expandafter\NAT@find@eq\@tempa=\relax\@nil
+ \if\@tempc\relax\else
+ \expandafter\NAT@rem@eq\@tempc
+ \def\@tempb{open}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@open{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{close}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@close{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{aysep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@aysep{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{yysep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@yrsep{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{notesep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@cmt{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{citesep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@sep{\@tempc}\fi
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \NAT@@setcites
+ }
+ \renewcommand\citestyle[1]{%
+ \ifcsname bibstyle@#1\endcsname%
+ \csname bibstyle@#1\endcsname\let\bibstyle\@gobble%
+ \else%
+ \@latex@error{Undefined `#1' citestyle}%
+ \fi
+ }%
+\fi
+\newcommand{\bibstyle@acmauthoryear}{%
+ \setcitestyle{%
+ authoryear,%
+ open={[},close={]},citesep={;},%
+ aysep={},yysep={,},%
+ notesep={, }}}
+\newcommand{\bibstyle@acmnumeric}{%
+ \setcitestyle{%
+ numbers,sort&compress,%
+ open={[},close={]},citesep={,},%
+ notesep={, }}}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+\citestyle{acmnumeric}
+\fi
+\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+ \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
+ \par
+ \@tempskipa #4\relax
+ \@afterindenttrue
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@
+ \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse
+ \fi
+ \if@nobreak
+ \everypar{}%
+ \else
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa
+ \fi
+ \@ifstar
+ {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}%
+ {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \edef\@toclevel{\ifnum#2=\@m 0\else\number#2\fi}%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \@tochangmeasure{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \@tochangmeasure{\csname the#1\endcsname\space}%
+ \fi
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+\def\@xsect#1{%
+ \@tempskipa #1\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \par \nobreak
+ \vskip \@tempskipa
+ \@afterheading
+ \else
+ \@nobreakfalse
+ \global\@noskipsectrue
+ \everypar{%
+ \if@noskipsec
+ \global\@noskipsecfalse
+ {\setbox\z@\lastbox}%
+ \clubpenalty\@M
+ \begingroup \@svsechd \endgroup
+ \unskip
+ \@tempskipa #1\relax
+ \hskip -\@tempskipa
+ \else
+ \clubpenalty \@clubpenalty
+ \everypar{}%
+ \fi}%
+ \fi
+ \ignorespaces}
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\quad}
+\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \@tempskipa #3\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #4{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #1}%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #5\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{#4{\hskip #1\relax #5}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#3}}
+\def\@starttoc#1#2{\begingroup\makeatletter
+ \setTrue{#1}%
+ \par\removelastskip\vskip\z@skip
+ \@startsection{section}\@M\z@{\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}%
+ {.5\linespacing}{\centering\contentsnamefont}{#2}%
+ \@input{\jobname.#1}%
+ \if@filesw
+ \@xp\newwrite\csname tf@#1\endcsname
+ \immediate\@xp\openout\csname tf@#1\endcsname \jobname.#1\relax
+ \fi
+ \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup
+ \addvspace{32\p@\@plus14\p@}%
+}
+\def\l@section{\@tocline{1}{0pt}{1pc}{2pc}{}}
+\def\l@subsection{\@tocline{2}{0pt}{1pc}{3pc}{}}
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@tocline{3}{0pt}{1pc}{5pc}{}}
+\def\@makefntext{\noindent\@makefnmark}
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\long\def\@footnotetext#1{\marginpar{%
+ \reset@font\small
+ \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
+ \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
+ \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark
+ }%
+ \color@begingroup
+ \@makefntext{%
+ \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
+ \color@endgroup}}%
+\fi
+\long\def\@mpfootnotetext#1{%
+ \global\setbox\@mpfootins\vbox{%
+ \unvbox\@mpfootins
+ \reset@font\footnotesize
+ \hsize\columnwidth
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \protected@edef\@currentlabel
+ {\csname p@mpfootnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
+ \color@begingroup\centering
+ \@makefntext{%
+ \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
+ \color@endgroup}}
+\def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}}
+\let\@footnotemark@nolink\@footnotemark
+\let\@footnotetext@nolink\@footnotetext
+\RequirePackage[bookmarksnumbered,unicode]{hyperref}
+\pdfstringdefDisableCommands{%
+ \def\addtocounter#1#2{}%
+ \def\unskip{}%
+ \def\textbullet{- }%
+ \def\textrightarrow{ -> }%
+ \def\footnotemark{}%
+}
+\urlstyle{rm}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+ \urlstyle{sf}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \urlstyle{sf}
+\fi
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+ \if@ACM@urlbreakonhyphens
+ \def\do@url@hyp{\do\-}%
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@screen
+ \hypersetup{colorlinks,
+ linkcolor=ACMPurple,
+ citecolor=ACMPurple,
+ urlcolor=ACMDarkBlue,
+ filecolor=ACMDarkBlue}
+ \else
+ \hypersetup{hidelinks}
+ \fi
+ \hypersetup{pdflang={en},
+ pdfdisplaydoctitle}}
+\RequirePackage{hyperxmp}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+ \let\citeN\cite
+ \let\cite\citep
+ \let\citeANP\citeauthor
+ \let\citeNN\citeyearpar
+ \let\citeyearNP\citeyear
+ \let\citeNP\citealt
+ \DeclareRobustCommand\citeA
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse
+ \let\NAT@ctype\@ne\NAT@partrue\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@open\NAT@citetp}%
+ \providecommand\newblock{}%
+\else
+ \AtBeginDocument{%
+ \let\shortcite\cite%
+ \providecommand\citename[1]{#1}}
+\fi
+\newcommand\shortcite[2][]{%
+ \ifNAT@numbers\cite[#1]{#2}\else\citeyearpar[#1]{#2}\fi}
+\def\bibliographystyle#1{%
+ \ifx\@begindocumenthook\@undefined\else
+ \expandafter\AtBeginDocument
+ \fi
+ {\if@filesw
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibstyle{#1}}%
+ \fi}}
+\RequirePackage{graphicx}
+\RequirePackage[prologue]{xcolor}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMBlue}{cmyk}{1,0.1,0,0.1}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMYellow}{cmyk}{0,0.16,1,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMOrange}{cmyk}{0,0.42,1,0.01}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMRed}{cmyk}{0,0.90,0.86,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMLightBlue}{cmyk}{0.49,0.01,0,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMGreen}{cmyk}{0.20,0,1,0.19}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMPurple}{cmyk}{0.55,1,0,0.15}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMDarkBlue}{cmyk}{1,0.58,0,0.21}
+\if@ACM@authordraft
+ \RequirePackage{draftwatermark}
+ \SetWatermarkFontSize{0.5in}
+ \SetWatermarkColor[gray]{.9}
+ \SetWatermarkText{\parbox{12em}{\centering
+ Unpublished working draft.\\
+ Not for distribution.}}
+\else
+ \if@ACM@sigchiamode
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else
+ \RequirePackage{draftwatermark}
+ \SetWatermarkFontSize{0.5in}
+ \SetWatermarkColor[gray]{.9}
+ \SetWatermarkText{\parbox{12em}{\centering
+ Legacy document. \\
+ Not for publication in an ACM venue}}
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{geometry}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+ \geometry{letterpaper,head=13pt,
+ marginparwidth=6pc,heightrounded}%
+\or % acmsmall
+ \geometry{twoside=true,
+ includeheadfoot, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+ paperwidth=6.75in, paperheight=10in,
+ top=58pt, bottom=44pt, inner=46pt, outer=46pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % acmlarge
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot,
+ top=78pt, bottom=114pt, inner=81pt, outer=81pt,
+ marginparwidth=4pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % acmtog
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot, columnsep=24pt,
+ top=52pt, bottom=75pt, inner=52pt, outer=52pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % sigconf
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+ top=57pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % siggraph
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+ top=57pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % sigplan
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot=false, columnsep=2pc,
+ top=1in, bottom=1in, inner=0.75in, outer=0.75in,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % sigchi
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+ top=66pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \geometry{twoside=false, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=11in, paperheight=8.5in,
+ includeheadfoot, marginparsep=72pt,
+ marginparwidth=170pt, columnsep=20pt,
+ top=72pt, bottom=72pt, left=314pt, right=72pt
+ }%
+ \@mparswitchfalse
+ \reversemarginpar
+\fi
+\setlength\parindent{10\p@}
+\setlength\parskip{\z@}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+ \setlength\parindent{9\p@}%
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\setlength\normalparindent{\parindent}
+\def\copyrightpermissionfootnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+ \hrule \@width \columnwidth \kern 2.6\p@}
+\RequirePackage{manyfoot}
+\SelectFootnoteRule[2]{copyrightpermission}
+\DeclareNewFootnote{authorsaddresses}
+\SelectFootnoteRule[2]{copyrightpermission}
+\DeclareNewFootnote{copyrightpermission}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+ \hrule \@width 4pc \kern 2.6\p@}
+\def\endminipage{%
+ \par
+ \unskip
+ \ifvoid\@mpfootins\else
+ \vskip\skip\@mpfootins
+ \normalcolor
+ \unvbox\@mpfootins
+ \fi
+ \@minipagefalse
+ \color@endgroup
+ \egroup
+ \expandafter\@iiiparbox\@mpargs{\unvbox\@tempboxa}}
+\def\@textbottom{\vskip \z@ \@plus 1pt}
+\let\@texttop\relax
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+ \flushbottom
+\or % sigconf
+ \flushbottom
+\or % siggraph
+ \flushbottom
+\or % sigplan
+ \flushbottom
+\or % sigchi
+ \flushbottom
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\ifPDFTeX
+\input{glyphtounicode}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f}{FB00}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f_i}{FB03}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f_l}{FB04}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_i}{FB01}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{t_t}{0074 0074}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_t}{0066 0074}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{T_h}{0054 0068}
+\pdfgentounicode=1
+\RequirePackage{cmap}
+\fi
+\newif\if@ACM@newfonts
+\@ACM@newfontstrue
+\IfFileExists{libertine.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+ have the libertine package installed. Please upgrade your
+ TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\IfFileExists{zi4.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+ have the inconsolata (zi4.sty) package installed. Please upgrade your
+ TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\IfFileExists{newtxmath.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+ have the newtxmath package installed. Please upgrade your
+ TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\if@ACM@newfonts
+ \RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}
+ % Note that the order in which packages are loaded matters,
+ % and the correct order depends on the LaTeX engine used.
+ % See https://github.com/borisveytsman/acmart/issues/402
+ % and https://github.com/borisveytsman/acmart/issues/410
+ \ifxetex
+ \RequirePackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
+ \RequirePackage[tt=false]{libertine}
+ \setmonofont[StylisticSet=3]{inconsolata}
+ \else
+ \ifluatex
+ \RequirePackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
+ \RequirePackage[tt=false]{libertine}
+ \setmonofont[StylisticSet=3]{inconsolata}
+ \else
+ \RequirePackage[tt=false, type1=true]{libertine}
+ \RequirePackage[varqu]{zi4}
+ \RequirePackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\let\liningnums\@undefined
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+ \DeclareTextFontCommand{\liningnums}{\libertineLF}}
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+ \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
+\fi
+\newif\if@Description@present
+\@Description@presenttrue
+\newif\if@undescribed@images
+\@undescribed@imagesfalse
+\newcommand\Description[2][]{\global\@Description@presenttrue\ignorespaces}
+\AtEndDocument{\if@undescribed@images
+ \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{Some images may lack descriptions}\fi}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{figure}{\@Description@presentfalse
+ \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{figure*}{\@Description@presentfalse
+ \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtEndEnvironment{figure}{\if@Description@present\else
+ \global\@undescribed@imagestrue
+ \ClassWarning{\@classname}{A possible image without description}\fi}
+\AtEndEnvironment{figure*}{\if@Description@present\else
+ \global\@undescribed@imagestrue
+ \ClassWarning{\@classname}{A possible image without description}\fi}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{table}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{table*}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{algorithm}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{algorithm*}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{lstlisting}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{lstlisting*}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{minted}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{minted*}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{listing}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+\AtBeginEnvironment{listing*}{\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig}
+
+\RequirePackage{caption, float}
+\captionsetup[table]{position=top}
+\if@ACM@journal
+ \captionsetup{labelfont={sf, small},
+ textfont={sf, small}, margin=\z@}
+ \captionsetup[figure]{name={Fig.}}
+\else
+ \captionsetup{labelfont={bf},
+ textfont={bf}, labelsep=colon, margin=\z@}
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \or % acmtog
+ \or % sigconf
+ \or % siggraph
+ \captionsetup{textfont={it}}
+ \or % sigplan
+ \captionsetup{labelfont={bf},
+ textfont={normalfont}, labelsep=period, margin=\z@}
+ \or % sigchi
+ \captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={bf, small},
+ textfont={bf, small}}
+ \captionsetup[table]{labelfont={bf, small},
+ textfont={bf, small}}
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={bf, small},
+ textfont={bf, small}}
+ \captionsetup[table]{labelfont={bf, small},
+ textfont={bf, small}}
+ \fi
+\fi
+\newfloat{sidebar}{}{sbar}
+\floatname{sidebar}{Sidebar}
+\renewenvironment{sidebar}{\Collect@Body\@sidebar}{}
+\long\def\@sidebar#1{\bgroup\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig\captionsetup{type=sidebar}%
+ \marginpar{\small#1}\egroup}
+\newenvironment{marginfigure}{\Collect@Body\@marginfigure}{}
+\long\def\@marginfigure#1{\bgroup
+ \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig
+ \captionsetup{type=figure}%
+ \marginpar{\@Description@presentfalse\centering
+ \small#1\if@Description@present\else
+ \global\@undescribed@imagestrue
+ \ClassWarning{\@classname}{A possible image without description}
+ \fi}%
+ \egroup}
+\newenvironment{margintable}{\Collect@Body\@margintable}{}
+\long\def\@margintable#1{\bgroup\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig\captionsetup{type=table}%
+ \marginpar{\centering\small#1}\egroup}
+\newdimen\fulltextwidth
+\fulltextwidth=\dimexpr(\textwidth+\marginparwidth+\marginparsep)
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\def\@dblfloat{\bgroup\let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig\columnwidth=\fulltextwidth
+ \let\@endfloatbox\@endwidefloatbox
+ \def\@fpsadddefault{\def\@fps{tp}}%
+ \@float}
+\fi
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\def\end@dblfloat{%
+ \end@float\egroup}
+\fi
+\def\@endwidefloatbox{%
+ \par\vskip\z@skip
+ \@minipagefalse
+ \outer@nobreak
+ \egroup
+ \color@endbox
+ \global\setbox\@currbox=\vbox{\moveleft
+ \dimexpr(\fulltextwidth-\textwidth)\box\@currbox}%
+ \wd\@currbox=\textwidth
+}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\def\labelenumii{\theenumii.}
+\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\def\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newdimen\@ACM@labelwidth
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+ \setlength\labelsep{4pt}
+ \setlength{\@ACM@labelwidth}{6.5pt}
+
+ %% First-level list: when beginning after the first line of an
+ %% indented paragraph or ending before an indented paragraph, labels
+ %% should not hang to the left of the preceding/following text.
+ \setlength\leftmargini{\z@}
+ \addtolength\leftmargini{\parindent}
+ \addtolength\leftmargini{2\labelsep}
+ \addtolength\leftmargini{\@ACM@labelwidth}
+
+ %% Second-level and higher lists.
+ \setlength\leftmarginii{\z@}
+ \addtolength\leftmarginii{0.5\labelsep}
+ \addtolength\leftmarginii{\@ACM@labelwidth}
+ \setlength\leftmarginiii{\leftmarginii}
+ \setlength\leftmarginiv{\leftmarginiii}
+ \setlength\leftmarginv{\leftmarginiv}
+ \setlength\leftmarginvi{\leftmarginv}
+ \@listi}
+\newskip\listisep
+\listisep\smallskipamount
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \listparindent\z@
+ \topsep\listisep}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep\z@skip}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\renewcommand{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\upshape\bfseries #1}
+\renewenvironment{description}{\list{}{%
+ \labelwidth\@ACM@labelwidth
+ \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}%
+}{
+ \endlist
+}
+\let\enddescription=\endlist % for efficiency
+\newif\if@ACM@maketitle@typeset
+\@ACM@maketitle@typesetfalse
+\define@choicekey*+{ACM}{acmJournal}[\@journalCode\@journalCode@nr]{%
+ CIE,%
+ CSUR,%
+ DGOV,%
+ DTRAP,%
+ HEALTH,%
+ IMWUT,%
+ JACM,%
+ JDIQ,%
+ JEA,%
+ JERIC,%
+ JETC,%
+ JOCCH,%
+ PACMCGIT,%
+ PACMHCI,%
+ PACMPL,%
+ POMACS,%
+ TAAS,%
+ TACCESS,%
+ TACO,%
+ TALG,%
+ TALLIP,%
+ TAP,%
+ TCPS,%
+ TDS,%
+ TEAC,%
+ TECS,%
+ TELO,%
+ THRI,%
+ TIIS,%
+ TIOT,%
+ TISSEC,%
+ TIST,%
+ TKDD,%
+ TMIS,%
+ TOCE,%
+ TOCHI,%
+ TOCL,%
+ TOCS,%
+ TOCT,%
+ TODAES,%
+ TODS,%
+ TOG,%
+ TOIS,%
+ TOIT,%
+ TOMACS,%
+ TOMM,%
+ TOMPECS,%
+ TOMS,%
+ TOPC,%
+ TOPS,%
+ TOPLAS,%
+ TOS,%
+ TOSEM,%
+ TOSN,%
+ TQC,%
+ TRETS,%
+ TSAS,%
+ TSC,%
+ TSLP,%
+ TWEB,%
+ FACMP%
+}{%
+\ifcase\@journalCode@nr
+\relax % CIE
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Computers in Entertainment}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Comput. Entertain.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1544-3574}%
+\or % CSUR
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Computing Surveys}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Comput. Surv.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0360-0300}%
+\or % DGOV
+ \def\@journalName{Digital Government: Research and Practice}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Digit. Gov. Res. Pract.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2639-0175}%
+\or % DTRAP
+ \def\@journalName{Digital Threats: Research and Practice}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Digit. Threat. Res. Pract.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2576-5337}%
+\or % HEALTH
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computing for Healthcare}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Healthcare}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2637-8051}%
+\or % IMWUT
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile,
+ Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2474-9567}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % JACM
+ \def\@journalName{Journal of the ACM}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{J. ACM}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0004-5411}%
+\or % JDIQ
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Data and Information Quality}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Data Inform. Quality}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-1955}%
+\or % JEA
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Experimental Algorithmics}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Exp. Algor.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1084-6654}%
+\or % JERIC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Educational Resources in Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Edu. Resources in Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1073-0516}%
+\or % JETC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4832}%
+\or % JOCCH
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Comput. Cult. Herit.}%
+\or % PACMCGIT
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Comput. Graph. Interact. Tech.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2577-6193}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % PACMHCI
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2573-0142}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % PACMPL
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Program. Lang.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2475-1421}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % POMACS
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Meas. Anal. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2476-1249}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % TAAS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Autonom. Adapt. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1556-4665}%
+\or % TACCESS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Access. Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-7228}%
+\or % TACO
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Arch. Code Optim.}%
+\or % TALG
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Algorithms}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Algor.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1549-6325}%
+\or % TALLIP
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2375-4699}%
+\or % TAP
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Applied Perception}%
+\or % TCPS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems}%
+\or % TDS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM/IMS Transactions on Data Science}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM/IMS Trans. Data Sci.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2577-3224}%
+\or % TEAC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation}%
+\or % TECS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Embedd. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1539-9087}%
+\or % TELO
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Evolutionary Learning}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Evol. Learn.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2688-3007}%
+\or % THRI
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Hum.-Robot Interact.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2573-9522}%
+\or % TIIS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Interact. Intell. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2160-6455}%
+\or % TIOT
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Internet of Things}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Internet Things}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2577-6207}%
+\or % TISSEC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Information and System Security}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Info. Syst. Sec.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1094-9224}%
+\or % TIST
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2157-6904}%
+\or % TKDD
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1556-4681}%
+\or % TMIS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Manag. Inform. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2158-656X}%
+\or % TOCE
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computing Education}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Educ.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1946-6226}%
+\or % TOCHI
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1073-0516}%
+\or % TOCL
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computational Logic}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Logic}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1529-3785}%
+\or % TOCS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computer Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0734-2071}%
+\or % TOCT
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computation Theory}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Theory}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1942-3454}%
+\or % TODAES
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1084-4309}%
+\or % TODS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Database Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Datab. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0362-5915}%
+\or % TOG
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Graphics}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Graph.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0730-0301}
+\or % TOIS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Information Systems}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1046-8188}%
+\or % TOIT
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Internet Technology}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Internet Technol.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1533-5399}%
+\or % TOMACS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul.}%
+\or % TOMM
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1551-6857}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeTwo{0100}%
+\or % TOMPECS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Model. Perform. Eval. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2376-3639}%
+\or % TOMS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Math. Softw.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0098-3500}%
+\or % TOPC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Parallel Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Parallel Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1539-9087}%
+\or % TOPS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Priv. Sec.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2471-2566}%
+\or % TOPLAS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0164-0925}%
+\or % TOS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Storage}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Storage}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1553-3077}%
+\or % TOSEM
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1049-331X}%
+\or % TOSN
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Sensor Netw.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4859}%
+\or % TQC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Quantum Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2643-6817}%
+\or % TRETS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Reconfig. Technol. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-7406}%
+\or % TSAS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Spatial Algorithms Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2374-0353}%
+\or % TSC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Social Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Soc. Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2469-7818}%
+\or % TSLP
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Speech Lang. Process.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4875}%
+\or % TWEB
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on the Web}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Web}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1559-1131}%
+\else % FACMP, a dummy journal
+ \def\@journalName{Forthcoming ACM Publication}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Forthcoming}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{XXXX-XXXX}%
+\fi
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using journal code \@journalCode}%
+}{%
+ \ClassError{\@classname}{Incorrect journal #1}%
+}%
+\def\acmJournal#1{\setkeys{ACM}{acmJournal=#1}%
+ \global\@ACM@journal@bibstriptrue}
+\def\@journalCode@nr{0}
+\def\@journalName{}%
+\def\@journalNameShort{\@journalName}%
+\def\@permissionCodeOne{XXXX-XXXX}%
+\def\@permissionCodeTwo{}%
+\newcommand\acmConference[4][]{%
+ \gdef\acmConference@shortname{#1}%
+ \gdef\acmConference@name{#2}%
+ \gdef\acmConference@date{#3}%
+ \gdef\acmConference@venue{#4}%
+ \ifx\acmConference@shortname\@empty
+ \gdef\acmConference@shortname{#2}%
+ \fi
+ \global\@ACM@journal@bibstripfalse
+}
+\if@ACM@journal\else
+\acmConference[Conference'17]{ACM Conference}{July 2017}{Washington,
+ DC, USA}%
+\fi
+\def\acmBooktitle#1{\gdef\@acmBooktitle{#1}}
+\acmBooktitle{BLUB of \acmConference@name
+ \ifx\acmConference@name\acmConference@shortname\else
+ \ (\acmConference@shortname)\fi}
+\def\@editorsAbbrev{(Ed.)}
+\def\@acmEditors{}
+\def\editor#1{\ifx\@acmEditors\@empty
+ \gdef\@acmEditors{#1}%
+ \else
+ \gdef\@editorsAbbrev{(Eds.)}%
+ \g@addto@macro\@acmEditors{\and#1}%
+\fi}
+\def\subtitle#1{\def\@subtitle{#1}}
+\subtitle{}
+\newcount\num@authorgroups
+\num@authorgroups=0\relax
+\newcount\num@authors
+\num@authors=0\relax
+\newif\if@insideauthorgroup
+\@insideauthorgroupfalse
+\renewcommand\author[2][]{%
+ \IfSubStr{\detokenize{#2}}{,}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{Do not put several
+ authors in the same \string\author\space macro!}}{}%
+ \global\advance\num@authors by 1\relax
+ \if@insideauthorgroup\else
+ \global\advance\num@authorgroups by 1\relax
+ \global\@insideauthorgrouptrue
+ \fi
+ \ifx\addresses\@empty
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \gdef\addresses{\@author{Anonymous Author(s)%
+ \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\else\\Submission Id:
+ \@acmSubmissionID\fi}}%
+ \gdef\authors{Anonymous Author(s)}%
+ \else
+ \gdef\addresses{\@author{#2}}%
+ \gdef\authors{#2}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\and\@author{#2}}%
+ \g@addto@macro\authors{\and#2}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\shortauthors{Anon.
+ \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\else Submission Id:
+ \@acmSubmissionID\fi}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+ \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\shortauthors{#2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#2}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\shortauthors{#1}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#1}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi}
+\newcommand{\affiliation}[2][]{%
+ \global\@insideauthorgroupfalse
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\affiliation{#1}{#2}}%
+ \fi}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@affiliation@}[@ACM@affiliation@]{obeypunctuation}%
+[true]{}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option obeypunctuation can be either true or false}}
+\def\additionalaffiliation#1{\authornote{\@additionalaffiliation{#1}}}
+\def\@additionalaffiliation#1{\bgroup
+ \def\position##1{\ignorespaces}%
+ \def\institution##1{##1\ignorespaces}%
+ \def\department{\@ifnextchar[{\@department}{\@department[]}}%
+ \def\@department[##1]##2{\unskip, ##2\ignorespaces}%
+ \let\streetaddress\position
+ \let\city\position
+ \let\state\position
+ \let\postcode\position
+ \let\country\position
+ Also with #1\unskip.\egroup}
+\renewcommand{\email}[2][]{%
+ \IfSubStr{#2}{,}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{Do not put several
+ addresses in the same \string\email\space macro!}}{}%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\email{#1}{#2}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\orcid#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\def\authorsaddresses#1{\def\@authorsaddresses{#1}}
+\authorsaddresses{\@mkauthorsaddresses}
+\def\@titlenotes{}
+\def\titlenote#1{%
+ \g@addto@macro\@title{\footnotemark}%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \g@addto@macro\@titlenotes{%
+ \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{Title note}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@titlenotes{\stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\@subtitlenotes{}
+\def\subtitlenote#1{%
+ \g@addto@macro\@subtitle{\footnotemark}%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \g@addto@macro\@subtitlenotes{%
+ \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{Subtitle note}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@subtitlenotes{%
+ \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\@authornotes{}
+\def\authornote#1{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@authornotemark}%
+ \g@addto@macro\@authornotes{%
+ \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+ \fi}
+\newcommand\authornotemark[1][\relax]{%
+ \ifx#1\relax\relax\relax
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@authornotemark}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@@authornotemark{#1}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\acmVolume#1{\def\@acmVolume{#1}}
+\acmVolume{1}
+\def\acmNumber#1{\def\@acmNumber{#1}}
+\acmNumber{1}
+\def\acmArticle#1{\def\@acmArticle{#1}}
+\acmArticle{}
+\def\acmArticleSeq#1{\def\@acmArticleSeq{#1}}
+\acmArticleSeq{\@acmArticle}
+\def\acmYear#1{\def\@acmYear{#1}}
+\acmYear{\the\year}
+\def\acmMonth#1{\def\@acmMonth{#1}}
+\acmMonth{\the\month}
+\def\@acmPubDate{\ifcase\@acmMonth\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or
+ December\fi~\@acmYear}
+\def\acmPrice#1{\def\@acmPrice{#1}}
+\acmPrice{15.00}
+\def\acmSubmissionID#1{\def\@acmSubmissionID{#1}}
+\acmSubmissionID{}
+\def\acmISBN#1{\def\@acmISBN{#1}}
+\acmISBN{978-x-xxxx-xxxx-x/YY/MM}
+\def\acmDOI#1{\def\@acmDOI{#1}}
+\acmDOI{10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn}
+\newif\if@ACM@badge
+\@ACM@badgefalse
+\newlength\@ACM@badge@width
+\setlength\@ACM@badge@width{5pc}
+\newlength\@ACM@title@width
+\newlength\@ACM@badge@skip
+\setlength\@ACM@badge@skip{1pc}
+\newcommand\acmBadgeR[2][]{\@ACM@badgetrue
+ \def\@acmBadgeR@url{#1}%
+ \def\@acmBadgeR@image{#2}}
+\def\@acmBadgeR@url{}
+\def\@acmBadgeR@image{}
+\newcommand\acmBadgeL[2][]{\@ACM@badgetrue
+ \def\@acmBadgeL@url{#1}%
+ \def\@acmBadgeL@image{#2}}
+\def\@acmBadgeL@url{}
+\def\@acmBadgeL@image{}
+\def\startPage#1{\def\@startPage{#1}}
+\startPage{}
+\def\terms#1{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{The command \string\terms{} is
+ obsolete. I am going to ignore it}}
+\def\keywords#1{\def\@keywords{#1}}
+\let\@keywords\@empty
+\AtEndDocument{\if@ACM@nonacm\else\ifx\@keywords\@empty
+ \ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}>2\relax
+ \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{ACM keywords are mandatory
+ for papers over two pages}%
+ \fi\fi\fi}
+\renewenvironment{abstract}{\Collect@Body\@saveabstract}{}
+\long\def\@saveabstract#1{\if@ACM@maketitle@typeset
+ \ClassError{\@classname}{Abstract must be defined before maketitle
+ command. Please move it!}\fi
+ \long\gdef\@abstract{#1}}
+\@saveabstract{}
+\long\def\@lempty{}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printccs}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@printccs
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing CCS}%
+ \else
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing CCS}%
+ \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printccs can be either true or false}}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printacmref}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@printacmref
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing bibformat}%
+ \else
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing bibformat}%
+ \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printacmref can be either true or false}}
+\AtEndDocument{\if@ACM@nonacm\else\if@ACM@printacmref\else
+ \ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}>1\relax
+ \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{ACM reference format is mandatory
+ for papers over one page}%
+ \fi\fi\fi}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printfolios}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@printfolios
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing folios}%
+ \else
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing folios}%
+ \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printfolios can be either true or false}}
+\define@cmdkey{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{authorsperrow}[0]{%
+ \IfInteger{#1}{\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Setting authorsperrow to
+ #1}}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{The parameter authorsperrow must be
+ numerical. Ignoring the input #1}\gdef\@ACM@authorsperrow{0}}}
+\def\settopmatter#1{\setkeys{@ACM@topmatter@}{#1}}
+\settopmatter{printccs=true, printacmref=true}
+\if@ACM@manuscript
+ \settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+\else
+ \if@ACM@journal
+ \settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+ \else
+ \settopmatter{printfolios=false}
+ \fi
+\fi
+\settopmatter{authorsperrow=0}
+\def\@received{}
+\newcommand\received[2][]{\def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+ \ifx\@received\@empty
+ \gdef\@received{Received #2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro{\@received}{; revised #2}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \ifx\@received\@empty
+ \gdef\@received{#1 #2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro{\@received}{; #1 #2}%
+ \fi
+ \fi}
+\AtEndDocument{%
+ \ifx\@received\@empty\else
+ \par\bigskip\noindent\small\normalfont\@received\par
+ \fi}
+\RequirePackage{comment}
+\excludecomment{CCSXML}
+\let\@concepts\@empty
+\newcounter{@concepts}
+\newcommand\ccsdesc[2][100]{%
+ \ccsdesc@parse#1~#2~~\ccsdesc@parse@end}
+\def\textrightarrow{$\rightarrow$}
+\def\ccsdesc@parse#1~#2~#3~{%
+ \stepcounter{@concepts}%
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname\relax
+ \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname{\textbullet\
+ \textbf{#2}}%
+ \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname{; }%
+ \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \g@addto@macro{\@concepts}{\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname
+ \csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname
+ \csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx#3\relax\relax\else
+ \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname{
+ \textrightarrow\ }%
+ \expandafter\g@addto@macro\expandafter{\csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname}{%
+ \addtocounter{@concepts}{-1}%
+ \ifnum#1>499\textbf{#3}\else
+ \ifnum#1>299\textit{#3}\else
+ #3\fi\fi\ifnum\value{@concepts}=0.\else; \fi}%
+ \fi
+\ccsdesc@parse@finish}
+\AtEndDocument{\if@ACM@nonacm\else\ifx\@concepts\@empty\relax
+ \ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}>2\relax
+ \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{CCS concepts are mandatory
+ for papers over two pages}%
+ \fi\fi\fi}
+\def\ccsdesc@parse@finish#1\ccsdesc@parse@end{}
+\newif\if@printcopyright
+\@printcopyrighttrue
+\newif\if@printpermission
+\@printpermissiontrue
+\newif\if@acmowned
+\@acmownedtrue
+\define@choicekey*{ACM@}{acmcopyrightmode}[%
+ \acm@copyrightinput\acm@copyrightmode]{none,%
+ acmcopyright,acmlicensed,rightsretained,%
+ usgov,usgovmixed,cagov,cagovmixed,licensedusgovmixed,%
+ licensedcagov,licensedcagovmixed,othergov,licensedothergov,%
+ iw3c2w3,iw3c2w3g}{%
+ \@printpermissiontrue
+ \@printcopyrighttrue
+ \@acmownedtrue
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=0\relax % none
+ \@printpermissionfalse
+ \@printcopyrightfalse
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=2\relax % acmlicensed
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=3\relax % rightsretained
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \AtBeginDocument{\acmPrice{}}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=4\relax % usgov
+ \@printpermissiontrue
+ \@printcopyrightfalse
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \AtBeginDocument{\acmPrice{}}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=6\relax % cagov
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=8\relax % licensedusgovmixed
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=9\relax % licensedcagov
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=10\relax % licensedcagovmixed
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=11\relax % othergov
+ \@acmownedtrue
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=12\relax % licensedothergov
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=13\relax % iw3c2w3
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \AtBeginDocument{\acmPrice{}}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=14\relax % iw3c2w3g
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \AtBeginDocument{\acmPrice{}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\setcopyright#1{\setkeys{ACM@}{acmcopyrightmode=#1}}
+\setcopyright{acmcopyright}
+\def\@copyrightowner{%
+ \ifcase\acm@copyrightmode\relax % none
+ \or % acmcopyright
+ Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % acmlicensed
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+ ACM\@.
+ \or % rightsretained
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s).
+ \or % usgov
+ \or % usgovmixed
+ Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % cagov
+ Crown in Right of Canada.
+ \or %cagovmixed
+ Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or %licensedusgovmixed
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+ ACM\@.
+ \or % licensedcagov
+ Crown in Right of Canada. Publication rights licensed to
+ ACM\@.
+ \or %licensedcagovmixed
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+ ACM\@.
+ \or % othergov
+ Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % licensedothergov
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+ ACM\@.
+ \or % ic2w3www
+ IW3C2 (International World Wide Web Conference Committee), published
+ under Creative Commons CC-BY~4.0 License.
+ \or % ic2w3wwwgoogle
+ IW3C2 (International World Wide Web Conference Committee), published
+ under Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND~4.0 License.
+ \fi}
+\def\@formatdoi#1{\url{https://doi.org/#1}}
+\def\@copyrightpermission{%
+ \ifcase\acm@copyrightmode\relax % none
+ \or % acmcopyright
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this
+ work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided
+ that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial
+ advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on
+ the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+ others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is
+ permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to
+ redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission
+ and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+ permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % acmlicensed
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this
+ work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided
+ that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial
+ advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on
+ the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+ others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit
+ is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers
+ or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission
+ and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+ permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % rightsretained
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work
+ for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that
+ copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage
+ and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first
+ page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be
+ honored. For all other uses, contact the
+ owner\hspace*{.5pt}/author(s).
+ \or % usgov
+ This paper is authored by an employee(s) of the United States
+ Government and is in the public domain. Non-exclusive copying or
+ redistribution is allowed, provided that the article citation is
+ given and the authors and agency are clearly identified as its
+ source.
+ \or % usgovmixed
+ ACM acknowledges that this contribution was authored or co-authored
+ by an employee, contractor, or affiliate of the United States
+ government. As such, the United States government retains a
+ nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or reproduce this
+ article, or to allow others to do so, for government purposes only.
+ \or % cagov
+ This article was authored by employees of the Government of Canada.
+ As such, the Canadian government retains all interest in the
+ copyright to this work and grants to ACM a nonexclusive,
+ royalty-free right to publish or reproduce this article, or to allow
+ others to do so, provided that clear attribution is given both to
+ the authors and the Canadian government agency employing them.
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies for personal or classroom
+ use is granted. Copies must bear this notice and the full citation
+ on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+ others than the Canadian Government must be honored. To copy
+ otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior specific
+ permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+ permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % cagovmixed
+ ACM acknowledges that this contribution was co-authored by an
+ affiliate of the national government of Canada. As such, the Crown
+ in Right of Canada retains an equal interest in the copyright.
+ Reprints must include clear attribution to ACM and the author's
+ government agency affiliation. Permission to make digital or hard
+ copies for personal or classroom use is granted. Copies must bear
+ this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for
+ components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored.
+ To copy otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior
+ specific permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions
+ from permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % licensedusgovmixed
+ Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+ contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+ or affiliate of the United States government. As such, the
+ Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or
+ reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government
+ purposes only.
+ \or % licensedcagov
+ This article was authored by employees of the Government of Canada.
+ As such, the Canadian government retains all interest in the
+ copyright to this work and grants to ACM a nonexclusive,
+ royalty-free right to publish or reproduce this article, or to allow
+ others to do so, provided that clear attribution is given both to
+ the authors and the Canadian government agency employing them.
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies for personal or classroom
+ use is granted. Copies must bear this notice and the full citation
+ on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+ others than the Canadian Government must be honored. To copy
+ otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior specific
+ permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+ permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % licensedcagovmixed
+ Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+ contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+ or affiliate of the national government of Canada. As such, the
+ Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or
+ reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government
+ purposes only.
+ \or % othergov
+ ACM acknowledges that this contribution was authored or co-authored
+ by an employee, contractor or affiliate of a national government. As
+ such, the Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to
+ publish or reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for
+ Government purposes only.
+ \or % licensedothergov
+ Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+ contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+ or affiliate of a national government. As such, the Government
+ retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or reproduce
+ this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government purposes
+ only.
+ \or % iw3c2w3
+ This paper is published under the Creative Commons Attribution~4.0
+ International (CC-BY~4.0) license. Authors reserve their rights to
+ disseminate the work on their personal and corporate Web sites with
+ the appropriate attribution.
+ \or % iw3c2w3g
+ This paper is published under the Creative Commons
+ Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs~4.0 International
+ (CC-BY-NC-ND~4.0) license. Authors reserve their rights to
+ disseminate the work on their personal and corporate Web sites with
+ the appropriate attribution.
+ \fi}
+\def\copyrightyear#1{\def\@copyrightyear{#1}}
+\copyrightyear{\@acmYear}
+\def\@teaserfigures{}
+\newenvironment{teaserfigure}{\Collect@Body\@saveteaser}{}
+\long\def\@saveteaser#1{\g@addto@macro\@teaserfigures{\@teaser{#1}}}
+\renewcommand{\thanks}[1]{%
+ \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{A note}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{#1}}%
+ \fi}}
+\ifx\@beginmaketitlehook\@undefined
+ \let\@beginmaketitlehook\@empty
+\fi
+\def\AtBeginMaketitle{\g@addto@macro\@beginmaketitlehook}
+\newbox\mktitle@bx
+\def\maketitle{\@beginmaketitlehook
+ \@ACM@maketitle@typesettrue
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ % Anonymize omission of \author-s
+ \ifnum\num@authorgroups=0\author{}\fi
+ \fi
+ \begingroup
+ \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig
+ \let\@footnotemark\@footnotemark@nolink
+ \let\@footnotetext\@footnotetext@nolink
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \hsize=\textwidth
+ \def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\@thefnmark}}}%
+ \@mktitle\if@ACM@sigchiamode\else\@mkauthors\fi\@mkteasers
+ \@printtopmatter
+ \if@ACM@sigchiamode\@mkauthors\fi
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}}%
+ \@titlenotes
+ \@subtitlenotes
+ \@authornotes
+ \let\@makefnmark\relax
+ \let\@thefnmark\relax
+ \let\@makefntext\noindent
+ \ifx\@empty\thankses\else
+ \footnotetextauthorsaddresses{%
+ \def\par{\let\par\@par}\parindent\z@\@setthanks}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@empty\@authorsaddresses\else
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+ \footnotetextauthorsaddresses{%
+ \def\par{\let\par\@par}\parindent\z@\@setauthorsaddresses}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else\footnotetextcopyrightpermission{%
+ \if@ACM@authordraft
+ \raisebox{-2ex}[\z@][\z@]{\makebox[0pt][l]{\large\bfseries
+ Unpublished working draft. Not for distribution.}}%
+ \color[gray]{0.9}%
+ \fi
+ \parindent\z@\parskip0.1\baselineskip
+ \if@ACM@authorversion\else
+ \if@printpermission\@copyrightpermission\par\fi
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@manuscript\else
+ \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip\else % Print the conference information
+ {\itshape \acmConference@shortname, \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue}\par
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \if@printcopyright
+ \copyright\ \@copyrightyear\ \@copyrightowner\\
+ \else
+ \@copyrightyear.\
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@manuscript
+ Manuscript submitted to ACM\\
+ \else
+ \if@ACM@authorversion
+ This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for
+ your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive Version
+ of Record was published in
+ \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+ \emph{\@journalName}%
+ \else
+ \emph{\@acmBooktitle}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty
+ .
+ \else
+ , \@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}.
+ \fi\\
+ \else
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else
+ \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+ \@permissionCodeOne/\@acmYear/\@acmMonth-ART\@acmArticle
+ \ifx\@acmPrice\@empty\else\ \$\@acmPrice\fi\\
+ \@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}%
+ \else % Conference
+ \ifx\@acmISBN\@empty\else ACM~ISBN~\@acmISBN
+ \ifx\@acmPrice\@empty.\else\dots\$\@acmPrice\fi\\\fi
+ \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty\else\@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}\fi%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi}
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \@mkabstract
+ \if@ACM@printccs
+ \ifx\@concepts\@empty\else\bgroup
+ {\@specialsection{CCS Concepts}%
+ \noindent\@concepts\par}\egroup
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@keywords\@empty\else\bgroup
+ {\if@ACM@journal
+ \@specialsection{Additional Key Words and Phrases}%
+ \else
+ \@specialsection{Keywords}%
+ \fi
+ \noindent\@keywords}\par\egroup
+ \fi
+ \let\metadata@authors=\authors
+ \nxandlist{, }{, }{, }\metadata@authors
+ \def\@ACM@checkaffil{}%
+ \hypersetup{%
+ pdfauthor={\metadata@authors},
+ pdftitle={\@title},
+ pdfsubject={\@concepts},
+ pdfkeywords={\@keywords},
+ pdfcreator={LaTeX with acmart
+ \csname ver@acmart.cls\endcsname\space
+ and hyperref
+ \csname ver@hyperref.sty\endcsname}}%
+ \andify\authors
+ \andify\shortauthors
+ \global\let\authors=\authors
+ \global\let\shortauthors=\shortauthors
+ \if@ACM@printacmref
+ \@mkbibcitation
+ \fi
+ \global\@topnum\z@ % this prevents floats from falling
+ % at the top of page 1
+ \global\@botnum\z@ % we do not want them to be on the bottom either
+ \@printendtopmatter
+ \@afterindentfalse
+ \@afterheading
+}
+\def\@specialsection#1{%
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+ \or % acmtog
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+ \or % sigconf
+ \section*{#1}%
+ \or % siggraph
+ \section*{#1}%
+ \or % sigplan
+ \noindentparagraph*{#1:~}%
+ \or % sigchi
+ \section*{#1}%
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \section*{#1}%
+ \fi
+}
+\def\@printtopmatter{%
+ \ifx\@startPage\@empty
+ \gdef\@startPage{1}%
+ \else
+ \setcounter{page}{\@startPage}%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{firstpagestyle}%
+ \noindent
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \box\mktitle@bx\par
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \box\mktitle@bx\par
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \box\mktitle@bx\par
+ \or % acmtog
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % sigconf
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % siggraph
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % sigplan
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % sigchi
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \par\box\mktitle@bx\par\bigskip
+ \if@ACM@badge
+ \marginpar{\noindent
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+ \href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}%
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+ \href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+\def\@mktitle{%
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \@mktitle@i
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \@mktitle@i
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \@mktitle@i
+ \or % acmtog
+ \@mktitle@i
+ \or % sigconf
+ \@mktitle@iii
+ \or % siggraph
+ \@mktitle@iii
+ \or % sigplan
+ \@mktitle@iii
+ \or % sigchi
+ \@mktitle@iii
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \@mktitle@iv
+ \fi
+}
+\def\@titlefont{%
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % acmtog
+ \Huge\sffamily
+ \or % sigconf
+ \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % siggraph
+ \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % sigplan
+ \Huge\bfseries
+ \or % sigchi
+ \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \Huge\bfseries
+ \fi}
+\def\@subtitlefont{\normalsize
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \mdseries
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \mdseries
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \mdseries
+ \or % acmtog
+ \LARGE
+ \or % sigconf
+ \LARGE\mdseries
+ \or % siggraph
+ \LARGE\mdseries
+ \or % sigplan
+ \LARGE\mdseries
+ \or % sigchi
+ \LARGE\mdseries
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \mdseries
+ \fi}
+\def\@mktitle@i{\hsize=\textwidth
+ \@ACM@title@width=\hsize
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@width
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@width
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\@titlefont
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+ \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}}%
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \parbox[t]{\@ACM@title@width}{\raggedright
+ \@titlefont\noindent
+ \@title
+ \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+ \par\noindent{\@subtitlefont\@subtitle}
+ \fi}%
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}}%
+ \fi
+ \par\bigskip}}%
+\def\@mktitle@iii{\hsize=\textwidth
+ \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\@titlefont\centering
+ \@ACM@title@width=\hsize
+ \if@ACM@badge
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -2\@ACM@badge@width
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -2\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \parbox[b]{\@ACM@badge@width}{\strut
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+ \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \parbox[t]{\@ACM@title@width}{\centering\@titlefont
+ \@title
+ \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+ \par\noindent{\@subtitlefont\@subtitle}
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \if@ACM@badge
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \parbox[b]{\@ACM@badge@width}{\strut
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+ \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \fi
+ \par\bigskip}}%
+\def\@mktitle@iv{\hsize=\textwidth
+ \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\raggedright\leftskip5pc\@titlefont
+ \noindent\leavevmode\leaders\hrule height 2pt\hfill\kern0pt\par
+ \noindent\@title
+ \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+ \par\noindent\@subtitlefont\@subtitle
+ \fi
+ \par\bigskip}}%
+\newbox\@ACM@commabox
+\def\@ACM@addtoaddress#1{%
+ \ifvmode\else
+ \if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation\else
+ \setbox\@ACM@commabox=\hbox{, }%
+ \unskip\cleaders\copy\@ACM@commabox\hskip\wd\@ACM@commabox
+ \fi\fi
+ #1}
+\def\streetaddress#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\def\postcode#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\if@ACM@journal
+ \def\position#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ \def\institution#1{\global\@ACM@instpresenttrue
+ \unskip~#1\ignorespaces}
+ \def\city#1{\global\@ACM@citypresenttrue\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ \def\state#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ \newcommand\department[2][0]{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ \def\country#1{\global\@ACM@countrypresenttrue
+ \if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation\else, \fi#1\ignorespaces}
+\else
+ \def\position#1{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation#1\else#1\par\fi}%
+ \def\institution#1{\global\@ACM@instpresenttrue
+ \if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation#1\else#1\par\fi}%
+ \newcommand\department[2][0]{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation
+ #2\else#2\par\fi}%
+ \def\city#1{\global\@ACM@citypresenttrue\@ACM@addtoaddress{#1}}%
+ \let\state\@ACM@addtoaddress
+ \def\country#1{\global\@ACM@countrypresenttrue\@ACM@addtoaddress{#1}}%
+\fi
+\def\@mkauthors{\begingroup
+ \hsize=\textwidth
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \@mkauthors@i
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \@mkauthors@i
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \@mkauthors@i
+ \or % acmtog
+ \@mkauthors@i
+ \or % sigconf
+ \@mkauthors@iii
+ \or % siggraph
+ \@mkauthors@iii
+ \or % sigplan
+ \@mkauthors@iii
+ \or % sigchi
+ \@mkauthors@iii
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \@mkauthors@iv
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+}
+\def\@authorfont{\Large\sffamily}
+\def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+ \def\@authorfont{\large\sffamily}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\small\normalfont}
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+ \def\@authorfont{\LARGE\sffamily}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\large}
+\or % sigconf
+ \def\@authorfont{\LARGE}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\large}
+\or % siggraph
+ \def\@authorfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@authorfont{\Large\normalfont}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+ \def\@authorfont{\bfseries}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\mdseries}
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \def\@authorfont{\bfseries}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\mdseries}
+\fi
+\def\@typeset@author@line{%
+ \andify\@currentauthors\par\noindent
+ \@currentauthors\def\@currentauthors{}%
+ \ifx\@currentaffiliations\@empty\else
+ \andify\@currentaffiliations
+ \unskip, {\@currentaffiliations}\par
+ \fi
+ \def\@currentaffiliations{}}
+\newif\if@ACM@instpresent
+\@ACM@instpresenttrue
+\newif\if@ACM@citypresent
+\@ACM@citypresenttrue
+\newif\if@ACM@countrypresent
+\@ACM@countrypresenttrue
+\def\@ACM@resetaffil{%
+ \global\@ACM@instpresentfalse
+ \global\@ACM@citypresentfalse
+ \global\@ACM@countrypresentfalse
+}
+\def\@ACM@checkaffil{%
+ \if@ACM@instpresent\else
+ \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{No institution present for an affiliation}%
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@citypresent\else
+ \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{No city present for an affiliation}%
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@countrypresent\else
+ \ClassError{\@classname}{No country present for an affiliation}{ACM
+ requires each author to indicate their country using country macro.}%
+ \fi
+}
+\def\@mkauthors@i{%
+ \def\@currentauthors{}%
+ \def\@currentaffiliations{}%
+ \global\let\and\@typeset@author@line
+ \def\@author##1{%
+ \ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{\@authorfont\MakeTextUppercase{##1}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro{\@currentauthors}{\and\MakeTextUppercase{##1}}%
+ \fi
+ \gdef\and{}}%
+ \def\email##1##2{}%
+ \def\affiliation##1##2{%
+ \def\@tempa{##2}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
+ \ifx\@currentaffiliations\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliations{%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}%
+ \@ACM@resetaffil
+ \@affiliationfont##2\@ACM@checkaffil}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro{\@currentaffiliations}{\and
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}\@ACM@resetaffil
+ ##2\@ACM@checkaffil}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \global\let\and\@typeset@author@line}%
+ \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\box\mktitle@bx\par\medskip
+ \noindent\addresses\@typeset@author@line
+ \par\medskip}%
+}
+\newbox\author@bx
+\newdimen\author@bx@wd
+\newskip\author@bx@sep
+\author@bx@sep=1pc\relax
+\def\@typeset@author@bx{\bgroup\hsize=\author@bx@wd
+ \def\and{\par}\normalbaselines
+ \global\setbox\author@bx=\vtop{\if@ACM@sigchiamode\else\centering\fi
+ \@authorfont\@currentauthors\par\@affiliationfont
+ \@currentaffiliation}\egroup
+ \box\author@bx\hspace{\author@bx@sep}%
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}}
+\def\@mkauthors@iii{%
+ \author@bx@wd=\textwidth\relax
+ \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+ \ifnum\@ACM@authorsperrow>0\relax
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by \@ACM@authorsperrow\relax
+ \else
+ \ifcase\num@authorgroups
+ \relax % 0?
+ \or % 1=one author per row
+ \or % 2=two authors per row
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by \num@authorgroups\relax
+ \or % 3=three authors per row
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by \num@authorgroups\relax
+ \or % 4=two authors per row (!)
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by 2\relax
+ \else % three authors per row
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by 3\relax
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}%
+ \def\@author##1{\ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+ \fi
+ \gdef\and{}}%
+ \def\email##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{\bgroup
+ \mathchardef\UrlBreakPenalty=10000\nolinkurl{##2}\egroup}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par\bgroup
+ \mathchardef\UrlBreakPenalty=10000\nolinkurl{##2}\egroup}%
+ \fi}%
+ \def\affiliation##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}\@ACM@resetaffil
+ ##2\@ACM@checkaffil}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}\@ACM@resetaffil
+ ##2\@ACM@checkaffil}%
+ \fi
+ \global\let\and\@typeset@author@bx
+}%
+ \hsize=\textwidth
+ \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent
+ \box\mktitle@bx\par\medskip\leavevmode
+ \lineskip=1pc\relax\centering\hspace*{-1em}%
+ \addresses\let\and\@typeset@author@bx\and\par\bigskip}}
+\def\@mkauthors@iv{%
+ \author@bx@wd=\columnwidth\relax
+ \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+ \ifnum\@ACM@authorsperrow>0\relax
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by \@ACM@authorsperrow\relax
+ \else
+ \ifcase\num@authorgroups
+ \relax % 0?
+ \or % 1=one author per row
+ \else % 2=two authors per row
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by 2\relax
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}%
+ \def\@author##1{\ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+ \fi
+ \gdef\and{}}%
+ \def\email##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{\nolinkurl{##2}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par\nolinkurl{##2}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \def\affiliation##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}\@ACM@resetaffil
+ ##2\@ACM@checkaffil}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}\@ACM@resetaffil
+ ##2\@ACM@checkaffil}%
+ \fi
+ \global\let\and\@typeset@author@bx}%
+ \bgroup\hsize=\columnwidth
+ \par\raggedright\leftskip=\z@
+ \lineskip=1pc\noindent
+ \addresses\let\and\@typeset@author@bx\and\par\bigskip\egroup}
+\def\@mkauthorsaddresses{%
+ \ifnum\num@authors>1\relax
+ Authors' \else Author's \fi
+ \ifnum\num@authorgroups>1\relax
+ addresses: \else address: \fi
+ \bgroup
+ \def\streetaddress##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+ \def\postcode##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+ \def\position##1{\unskip\ignorespaces}%
+ \def\institution##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+ \def\city##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+ \def\state##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+ \renewcommand\department[2][0]{\unskip\@addpunct, ##2}%
+ \def\country##1{\unskip, ##1}%
+ \def\and{\unskip; }%
+ \def\@author##1{##1}%
+ \def\email##1##2{\unskip, \nolinkurl{##2}}%
+ \addresses
+ \egroup}
+\AtEndDocument{\if@ACM@nonacm\else\if@ACM@journal
+ \ifx\@authorsaddresses\@empty
+ \ClassWarningNoLine{\@classname}{Authors'
+ addresses are mandatory for ACM journals}%
+ \fi\fi\fi}
+\def\@setaddresses{}
+\def\@authornotemark{\g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\footnotemark\relax}}
+\def\@@authornotemark#1{\g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\footnotemark[#1]}}
+\def\@mkteasers{%
+ \ifx\@teaserfigures\@empty\else
+ \def\@teaser##1{\par\bigskip\bgroup
+ \captionsetup{type=figure}##1\egroup\par}
+ \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\box\mktitle@bx\par
+ \noindent\@Description@presentfalse
+ \@teaserfigures\par\if@Description@present\else
+ \global\@undescribed@imagestrue
+ \ClassWarning{\@classname}{A possible image without
+ description}\fi
+ \medskip}%
+ \fi}
+\def\@mkabstract{\bgroup
+ \ifx\@abstract\@lempty\else
+ {\phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Abstract}%
+ \if@ACM@journal
+ \everypar{\setbox\z@\lastbox\everypar{}}\small
+ \else
+ \section*{\abstractname}%
+ \fi
+ \ignorespaces\@abstract\par}%
+ \fi\egroup}
+\def\@mkbibcitation{\bgroup
+ \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig
+ \def\@pages@word{\ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}=1\relax page\else pages\fi}%
+ \def\footnotemark{}%
+ \def\\{\unskip{} \ignorespaces}%
+ \def\footnote{\ClassError{\@classname}{Please do not use footnotes
+ inside a \string\title{} or \string\author{} command! Use
+ \string\titlenote{} or \string\authornote{} instead!}}%
+ \def\@article@string{\ifx\@acmArticle\@empty{\ }\else,
+ Article~\@acmArticle\ \fi}%
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent{\bfseries ACM Reference Format:}\par\nobreak
+ \noindent\bgroup
+ \def\\{\unskip{}, \ignorespaces}\authors\egroup. \@acmYear. \@title
+ \ifx\@subtitle\@empty. \else: \@subtitle. \fi
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else
+ % The 'nonacm' option disables 'printacmref' by default,
+ % and the present \@mkbibcitation definition is never used
+ % in this case. The conditional remains useful if the user
+ % explicitly sets \settopmatter{printacmref=true}.
+ \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+ \textit{\@journalNameShort}
+ \@acmVolume, \@acmNumber \@article@string (\@acmPubDate),
+ \ref{TotPages}~\@pages@word.
+ \else
+ In \textit{\@acmBooktitle}%
+ \ifx\@acmEditors\@empty\textit{.}\else
+ \andify\@acmEditors\textit{, }\@acmEditors~\@editorsAbbrev.%
+ \fi\
+ ACM, New York, NY, USA%
+ \@article@string\unskip, \ref{TotPages}~\@pages@word.
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty\else\@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}\fi
+\par\egroup}
+\def\@printendtopmatter{%
+ \let\@vspace\@vspace@orig
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@orig
+ \par\bigskip
+ \let\@vspace\@vspace@acm
+ \let\@vspacer\@vspacer@acm
+ }
+\def\@setthanks{\long\def\thanks##1{\par##1\@addpunct.}\thankses}
+\def\@setauthorsaddresses{\@authorsaddresses\unskip\@addpunct.}
+\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
+\let\ACM@ps@plain\ps@plain
+\let\ACM@ps@myheadings\ps@myheadings
+\let\ACM@ps@headings\ps@headings
+\def\ACM@restore@pagestyle{%
+ \let\ps@plain\ACM@ps@plain
+ \let\ps@myheadings\ACM@ps@myheadings
+ \let\ps@headings\ACM@ps@headings}
+\AtBeginDocument{\ACM@restore@pagestyle}
+\if@ACM@review
+ \newsavebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}
+ \newlength\ACM@linecount@bxht
+ \newcount\ACM@linecount
+ \ACM@linecount\@ne\relax
+ \def\ACM@mk@linecount{%
+ \savebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}[4em][t]{\parbox[t]{4em}{\normalfont
+ \normalsize
+ \setlength{\ACM@linecount@bxht}{0pt}%
+ \loop{\color{red}\scriptsize\the\ACM@linecount}\\
+ \global\advance\ACM@linecount by \@ne
+ \addtolength{\ACM@linecount@bxht}{\baselineskip}%
+ \ifdim\ACM@linecount@bxht<\textheight\repeat
+ {\color{red}\scriptsize\the\ACM@linecount}\hfill
+ \global\advance\ACM@linecount by \@ne}}}
+\fi
+\def\ACM@linecountL{%
+ \if@ACM@review
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \begin{picture}(0,0)%
+ \put(-26,-22){\usebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}}%
+ \end{picture}%
+ \fi}
+\def\ACM@linecountR{%
+ \if@ACM@review
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \relax
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \relax
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \relax
+ \or % acmtog
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \or % sigconf
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \or % siggraph
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \or % sigplan
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \or % sigchi
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \fi
+ \begin{picture}(0,0)%
+ \put(20,-22){\usebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}}%
+ \end{picture}%
+ \fi}
+\if@ACM@timestamp
+ % Subtracting 30 from \time gives us the effect of rounding down despite
+ % \numexpr rounding to nearest
+ \newcounter{ACM@time@hours}
+ \setcounter{ACM@time@hours}{\numexpr (\time - 30) / 60 \relax}
+ \newcounter{ACM@time@minutes}
+ \setcounter{ACM@time@minutes}{\numexpr \time - \theACM@time@hours * 60 \relax}
+ \newcommand\ACM@timestamp{%
+ \footnotesize%
+ \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\relax\else
+ Submission ID: \@acmSubmissionID.{ }%
+ \fi
+ \the\year-\two@digits{\the\month}-\two@digits{\the\day}{ }%
+ \two@digits{\theACM@time@hours}:\two@digits{\theACM@time@minutes}{. }%
+ Page \thepage\ of \@startPage--\pageref*{TotPages}.%
+ }
+\fi
+\def\@shortauthors{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ Anon.
+ \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\else Submission Id: \@acmSubmissionID\fi
+ \else\shortauthors\fi}
+\def\@headfootfont{\sffamily\footnotesize}
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\fancypagestyle{standardpagestyle}{%
+ \fancyhf{}%
+ \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{\z@}%
+ \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{\z@}%
+ \def\@acmArticlePage{%
+ \ifx\@acmArticle\empty%
+ \if@ACM@printfolios\thepage\fi%
+ \else%
+ \@acmArticle\if@ACM@printfolios:\thepage\fi%
+ \fi%
+ }%
+ \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\if@ACM@printfolios\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\if@ACM@printfolios\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\@shortauthors}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\shorttitle}%
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM}
+ \fi%
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\@acmArticlePage}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont\@acmArticlePage}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\@headfootfont\@shortauthors}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\shorttitle}%
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fi
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont
+ \@acmArticlePage\quad\textbullet\quad\@shortauthors}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+ \shorttitle\quad\textbullet\quad\@acmArticlePage}%
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fi
+ \or % acmtog
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont
+ \@acmArticlePage\quad\textbullet\quad\@shortauthors}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+ \shorttitle\quad\textbullet\quad\@acmArticlePage\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fi
+ \else % Proceedings
+ \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\shorttitle}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\@headfootfont\@shortauthors\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\footnotesize
+ \acmConference@shortname,
+ \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+ \acmConference@shortname,
+ \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \else % Proceedings
+ \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\shorttitle}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\@headfootfont\@shortauthors\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont
+ \acmConference@shortname,
+ \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+ \acmConference@shortname,
+ \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@sigchiamode
+ \fancyheadoffset[L]{\dimexpr(\marginparsep+\marginparwidth)}%
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@timestamp
+ \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp}
+ \fi
+}%
+\pagestyle{standardpagestyle}
+}
+\newdimen\@folio@wd
+\@folio@wd=\z@
+\newdimen\@folio@ht
+\@folio@ht=\z@
+\newdimen\@folio@voffset
+\@folio@voffset=\z@
+\def\@folio@max{1}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+ \@folio@wd=45.75pt\relax
+ \@folio@ht=1.25in\relax
+ \@folio@voffset=.2in\relax
+ \def\@folio@max{8}
+\or % acmlarge
+ \@folio@wd=43.25pt\relax
+ \@folio@ht=79pt\relax
+ \@folio@voffset=.55in\relax
+ \def\@folio@max{10}
+\fi
+\def\@folioblob{\@tempcnta=0\@acmArticleSeq\relax
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=0\relax\else
+ \loop
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta>\@folio@max\relax
+ \advance\@tempcnta by - \@folio@max
+ \repeat
+ \advance\@tempcnta by -1\relax
+ \@tempdima=\@folio@ht\relax
+ \multiply\@tempdima by \the\@tempcnta\relax
+ \advance\@tempdima by -\@folio@voffset\relax
+ \begin{picture}(0,0)
+ \makebox[\z@]{\raisebox{-\@tempdima}{%
+ \rlap{%
+ \raisebox{-0.45\@folio@ht}[\z@][\z@]{%
+ \rule{\@folio@wd}{\@folio@ht}}}%
+ \parbox{\@folio@wd}{%
+ \centering
+ \textcolor{white}{\LARGE\sffamily\bfseries\@acmArticle}}}}
+ \end{picture}\fi}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+\fancypagestyle{firstpagestyle}{%
+ \fancyhf{}%
+ \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{\z@}%
+ \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{\z@}%
+ \if@ACM@journal@bibstrip
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\if@ACM@printfolios\small\thepage\fi}%
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyfoot[RE,LO]{\footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM}%
+ \fi%
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date:
+ \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fi%
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@folioblob}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@folioblob}%
+ \fancyheadoffset[RO,LE]{0.6\@folio@wd}%
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date:
+ \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fi%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@folioblob}%
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@folioblob}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyheadoffset[RO,LE]{1.4\@folio@wd}%
+ \or % acmtog
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalNameShort, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date:
+ \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fi%
+ \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[R]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \else % Conference proceedings
+ \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[R]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[R]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@timestamp
+ \ifnum\ACM@format@nr=0\relax % Manuscript
+ \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp\quad
+ \if@ACM@nonacm\else
+ \footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM
+ \fi}
+ \else
+ \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp}
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}}
+\def\ACM@NRadjust#1{%
+ \begingroup
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname Sectionformat\endcsname\relax
+ % do nothing when \Sectionformat is unknown
+ \def\next{\endgroup #1}%
+ \else
+ \def\next{\endgroup
+ \let\realSectionformat\Sectionformat
+ \def\ACM@sect@format@{#1}%
+ \let\Sectionformat\ACM@NR@adjustedSectionformat
+ %% next lines added 2018-06-17 to ensure section number is styled
+ \let\real@adddotafter\@adddotafter
+ \let\@adddotafter\ACM@adddotafter
+ #1{}% imposes the styles, but nullifies \MakeUppercase
+ \let\@adddotafter\real@adddotafter
+ }%
+ \fi \next
+}
+\def\ACM@NR@adjustedSectionformat#1#2{%
+ \realSectionformat{\ACM@sect@format{#1}}{#2}%
+ \let\Sectionformat\realSectionformat}
+\DeclareRobustCommand{\ACM@sect@format}{\ACM@sect@format@}
+\def\ACM@sect@format@null#1{#1}
+\let\ACM@sect@format@\ACM@sect@format@null
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname LTX@adddotafter\endcsname\relax
+ \let\LTX@adddotafter\@adddotafter
+ \fi
+}
+\def\ACM@adddotafter#1{\ifx\relax#1\relax\else\LTX@adddotafter{#1}\fi}
+\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-.75\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {.25\baselineskip}%
+ {\ACM@NRadjust\@secfont}}
+\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-.75\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {.25\baselineskip}%
+ {\ACM@NRadjust\@subsecfont}}
+\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {-3.5\p@}%
+ {\ACM@NRadjust{\@subsubsecfont\@adddotafter}}}
+\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\parindent}%
+ {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {-3.5\p@}%
+ {\ACM@NRadjust{\@parfont\@adddotafter}}}
+\newcommand\noindentparagraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {-3.5\p@}%
+ {\ACM@NRadjust{\@parfont}}}
+
+\renewcommand\part{\@startsection{part}{9}{\z@}%
+ {-10\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -2\p@}%
+ {4\p@}%
+ {\ACM@NRadjust\@parfont}}
+\def\section@raggedright{\@rightskip\@flushglue
+ \rightskip\@rightskip
+ \leftskip\z@skip
+ \parindent\z@}
+\def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+\def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\def\@subsubsecfont{\sffamily\itshape}
+\def\@parfont{\itshape}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright}
+\or % acmtog
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigconf
+ \def\@secfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+\or % siggraph
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@secfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+ \def\@subsubsecfont{\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+ \def\@parfont{\bfseries\itshape}
+ \def\@subparfont{\itshape}
+\or % sigchi
+ \setcounter{secnumdepth}{1}
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\fi
+\def\@adddotafter#1{#1\@addpunct{.}}
+\def\@addspaceafter#1{#1\@addpunct{\enspace}}
+\providecommand*\@dotsep{4.5}
+\def\@acmplainbodyfont{\itshape}
+\def\@acmplainindent{\parindent}
+\def\@acmplainheadfont{\scshape}
+\def\@acmplainnotefont{\@empty}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@acmplainbodyfont{\itshape}
+ \def\@acmplainindent{\z@}
+ \def\@acmplainheadfont{\bfseries}
+ \def\@acmplainnotefont{\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newtheoremstyle{acmplain}%
+ {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+ \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space above
+ {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+ \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space below
+ {\@acmplainbodyfont}% body font
+ {\@acmplainindent}% indent amount
+ {\@acmplainheadfont}% head font
+ {.}% punctuation after head
+ {.5em}% spacing after head
+ {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{ #2}\thmnote{ {\@acmplainnotefont(#3)}}}% head spec
+\def\@acmdefinitionbodyfont{\normalfont}
+\def\@acmdefinitionindent{\parindent}
+\def\@acmdefinitionheadfont{\itshape}
+\def\@acmdefinitionnotefont{\@empty}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@acmdefinitionbodyfont{\normalfont}
+ \def\@acmdefinitionindent{\z@}
+ \def\@acmdefinitionheadfont{\bfseries}
+ \def\@acmdefinitionnotefont{\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newtheoremstyle{acmdefinition}%
+ {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+ \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space above
+ {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+ \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space below
+ {\@acmdefinitionbodyfont}% body font
+ {\@acmdefinitionindent}% indent amount
+ {\@acmdefinitionheadfont}% head font
+ {.}% punctuation after head
+ {.5em}% spacing after head
+ {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{ #2}\thmnote{ {\@acmdefinitionnotefont(#3)}}}% head spec
+\theoremstyle{acmplain}
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+ \if@ACM@acmthm
+ \theoremstyle{acmplain}
+ \@ifundefined{theorem}{%
+ \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{conjecture}{%
+ \newtheorem{conjecture}[theorem]{Conjecture}
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{proposition}{%
+ \newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{lemma}{%
+ \newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{corollary}{%
+ \newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
+ }{}
+ \theoremstyle{acmdefinition}
+ \@ifundefined{example}{%
+ \newtheorem{example}[theorem]{Example}
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{definition}{%
+ \newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{Definition}
+ }{}
+ \fi
+ \theoremstyle{acmplain}
+}
+\def\@proofnamefont{\scshape}
+\def\@proofindent{\indent}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@proofnamefont{\itshape}
+ \def\@proofindent{\noindent}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\renewenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par
+ \pushQED{\qed}%
+ \normalfont \topsep6\p@\@plus6\p@\relax
+ \trivlist
+ \item[\@proofindent\hskip\labelsep
+ {\@proofnamefont #1\@addpunct{.}}]\ignorespaces
+}{%
+ \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse
+}
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+ \if@ACM@balance
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \global\@ACM@balancefalse
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \global\@ACM@balancefalse
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \global\@ACM@balancefalse
+ \or % acmtog
+ \RequirePackage{balance}%
+ \or % sigconf
+ \RequirePackage{balance}%
+ \or % siggraph
+ \RequirePackage{balance}%
+ \or % sigplan
+ \RequirePackage{balance}%
+ \or % sigchi
+ \RequirePackage{balance}%
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \global\@ACM@balancefalse
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+\AtEndDocument{%
+ \if@ACM@balance
+ \if@twocolumn
+ \balance
+ \fi\fi}
+\newcommand\acksname{Acknowledgments}
+\specialcomment{acks}{%
+ \begingroup
+ \section*{\acksname}
+ \phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\acksname}
+}{%
+ \endgroup
+}
+\def\grantsponsor#1#2#3{#2}
+\newcommand\grantnum[3][]{#3%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\space(\url{#1})\fi}
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+\if@ACM@screen
+ \includecomment{screenonly}
+ \excludecomment{printonly}
+\else
+ \excludecomment{screenonly}
+ \includecomment{printonly}
+\fi
+\if@ACM@anonymous
+ \excludecomment{anonsuppress}
+ \excludecomment{acks}
+\else
+ \includecomment{anonsuppress}
+\fi}
+\newcommand\showeprint[2][arxiv]{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@empty\def\@tempa{arxiv}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{arxiv}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ arXiv:\href{https://arxiv.org/abs/#2}{#2}\else arXiv:#2%
+ \fi}
+\let\@vspace@orig=\@vspace
+\let\@vspacer@orig=\@vspacer
+\apptocmd{\@vspace}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{\string\vspace\space should
+ only be used to provide space above/below surrounding
+ objects}}{}{}
+\apptocmd{\@vspacer}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{\string\vspace\space should
+ only be used to provide space above/below surrounding
+ objects}}{}{}
+\let\@vspace@acm=\@vspace
+\let\@vspacer@acm=\@vspacer
+\let\ACM@origbaselinestretch\baselinestretch
+\AtEndDocument{\ifx\baselinestretch\ACM@origbaselinestretch\else
+ \ClassError{\@classname}{An attempt to redefine
+ \string\baselinestretch\space detected. Please do not do this for
+ ACM submissions!}\fi}
+\normalsize\normalfont\frenchspacing
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `acmart.cls'.
diff --git a/report.tex b/report.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+\documentclass[manuscript,nonacm,10pt]{acmart}
+\title{Report of the EDBT/ICDT-2020 Climate Change Session and Recommendations for Future Editions}
+
+\setcopyright{rightsretained}
+\acmConference{}{}{}{}
+
+\author{Antoine Amarilli}
+\email{antoine.amarilli@telecom-paris.fr}
+\author{Demetris Zeinalipour}
+\email{dzeina@cs.ucy.ac.cy}
+% \affiliation{LTCI, Télécom Paris, Institut polytechnique de Paris, France \and \url{https://a3nm.net/}}{antoine.amarilli@telecom-paris.fr}{https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-4441}{}
+% \author{Demetris Zeinalipour}{University of Cyprus \and \url{https://www.cs.ucy.ac.cy/~dzeina/}}{dzeina@cs.ucy.ac.cy}{0000-0002-7239-2387}{}
+% \authorrunning{A.\ Amarilli, D.\ Zeinalipour}
+\date{}
+
+% \Copyright{Antoine Amarilli and Demetris Zeinalipour}
+%
+% \ccsdesc[100]{}
+% \keywords{regular language, variety, locality}
+%
+% \hideLIPIcs
+%
+\usepackage{xurl}
+
+% \nolinenumbers
+
+% \hypersetup{
+% colorlinks,
+% linkcolor={red!50!black},
+% citecolor={blue!50!black},
+% urlcolor={blue!30!black}
+% }
+
+\begin{abstract}
+The 2020 edition of EDBT/ICDT featured for the first time a climate change session, to discuss the issue of global warming, its implications on our research, and how future editions of the conference should be organized. Concomitantly, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced this EDBT/ICDT edition and all other international conferences to switch to an entirely online model on short notice, which has given the community a taste of alternative ways to hold scientific conferences. This document summarizes this session, the outcomes of its discussion, and the relevant parts of the participant survey held after EDBT/ICDT’20. It further makes some recommendations of how EDBT/ICDT could help mitigate climate change.
+\end{abstract}
+
+\begin{document}
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Summary on climate change}
+Human activity since the Industrial Revolution has been releasing increasing
+quantities of greenhouse gases, leading to an increase in the atmospheric
+concentration of such gases and an ongoing change in the planet’s climate, with
+considerable potential for harm to human civilizations in the coming decades. To
+mitigate this, we must reduce the carbon impact of our activities. International
+bodies such as the IPCC panel of the United Nations are advocating a 45\% reduction of carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 relative to 2010 levels, so as to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius and mitigate its effects. Achieving such a reduction requires a considerable overhaul of our existing societies.
+The issue of climate change concerns EDBT/ICDT in at least two respects. First,
+our research focuses on computing, and this broad area has a significant carbon
+footprint: the field of information and communications technology in general is
+estimated to contribute about 4\% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, and is
+planned\footnote{Source:
+\url{https://theshiftproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Lean-ICT-Report_The-Shift-Project_2019.pdf}}
+to increase to 8\% by 2025. Second, the practice of organizing in-person
+international conferences also has significant impact: air travel currently
+accounts for 2-3\% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions\footnote{Source:
+\url{https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions-from-aviation}},
+with a round-trip flight between Lisbon and Copenhagen accounting for around 1
+ton of equivalent CO2 emissions, which is already half of a person’s sustainable
+yearly carbon budget\footnote{Source: \url{https://www.atmosfair.de/en/green_travel/annual_climate_budget/}}.
+
+\section{The climate change session}
+
+The climate change session took place on Zoom, as did the rest of the EDBT/ICDT
+conference. The slides of the event are available online\footnote{URL:
+\url{https://a3nm.net/work/talks/icdt2020/amarilli2020climate_slides.pdf}}.
+
+The event was attended by around 60-70 people, and was followed by a discussion,
+on Zoom and on the Slack workspace of the conference.\footnote{URL:
+\url{https://edbticdt2020.slack.com/channel\#climate-change}}
+
+\section{Summary of discussions}
+
+The discussion lead to a presentation of related initiatives about climate change and computer science. For instance, an insightful CACM article by Vardi\footnote{
+URL:
+\url{https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2020/1/241717-publish-and-perish/fulltext}}
+already advocated in January 2020 that all conferences should allow authors to
+present their papers remotely by video. The COVID-19 pandemic has temporarily
+made this a reality, but for reasons unrelated to climate. Further, the TCS4F
+initiative\footnote{URL: \url{https://tcs4f.org/}}
+already allows scientific conferences, individual researchers, and research
+teams to pledge to a reduction of their CO2 emissions\footnote{Disclaimer: .
+one author of this document is also involved in TCS4F.}.
+
+The discussion pointed out that not all transportation means have the same
+impact. For instance the CO2 footprint of 1km traveled by high-speed rail travel
+is less than 1 km traveled by plane, sometimes by an order of magnitude. To
+explore possible options, the website Rome2rio\footnote{URL:
+\url{https://rome2rio.com/}}
+can be used to find possible ways to travel from one point to another.
+To adapt the organization of our conferences, several measures were proposed:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Measuring the carbon footprint of future EDBT/ICDT conferences: at conference registration, ask participants for travel details (where from/to, which transportation mode), use this to compute the footprint and track it over time, release an anonymized dataset.
+\item Having a followup to the climate change discussion at future EDBT/ICDT conferences.
+\item Signing the TCS4F pledge.
+\item Adopting an online or hybrid model.
+\item Reducing the CO2 impact of conference meals, by making it easy for participants to eat less meat (e.g., more vegetarian buffet options).
+\end{itemize}
+%
+Some challenges were mentioned in terms of timezones for online conferences, technical issues to making hybrid events work and making the experience for online participants compelling, and the financial aspect of who should bear the costs of organizing the conference. The common impression was that online participants should be charged the online costs (e.g., Zoom fees) and the on-site cost should be paid by on-site participants; it was proposed that the conference talks could be made available for free if it has no costs for the organizers (e.g., via Youtube Live).
+
+There was a discussion of the advantages of holding an online conference: talks of better quality and predictable length, less people missing from the first/last sessions, reduced participation fee, and also attracting many participants who couldn’t have traveled to the onsite event. It was pointed out that the benefits of online vs onsite conferences would be easier to evaluate if we had an explicit list of goals for EDBT/ICDT; some goals were proposed and discussed to this end.
+
+There were some pointers to existing, pre-COVID-19 events, such as the hybrid CCC
+\footnote{URL:
+\url{https://events.ccc.de/congress/2019/wiki/index.php/Congress_Everywhere}},
+the hybrid Debian Conference
+\footnote{URL:
+\url{https://writefreely.debian.social/paddatrapper/remote-conference-software}}, and the hybrid
+Neuromatch
+\footnote{URL: \url{https://medium.com/@kording/how-to-run-big-neuro-science-conferences-online-neuromatch-io-49c694c7e65d}}.
+There is also a study\footnote{URL: \url{https://elifeambassadors.github.io/improving-conferences/}} listing existing conferences by discipline and practices.
+In terms of tools, beyond Zoom and Slack, some of these conferences also used
+Crowdcast and Mattermost. Virtual spaces like \url{gather.town},
+\url{lounjee.com}, \url{forms-wizard.com} must also be investigated. There were
+some ideas in terms of accepting more talks, having longer days, having social
+opportunities for online talks, having groups of participants connected by a
+similarity computation, and making ``hubs'' so that participants of a
+city/country could attend the remote event together.
+
+There was also pointers to ongoing efforts to move conferences online because of
+COVID-19, e.g., ASPLOS\footnote{URL: \url{https://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm/243882-the-asplos-2020-online-conference-experience/fulltext}}
+and the ACM report on Virtual Conferences
+\footnote{URL: \url{https://www.acm.org/virtual-conferences}}.
+
+There was also some discussion about how to organize a follow-up poll for participants. This poll was performed and published online
+\footnote{URL: \url{https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.07668}}.
+To summarize the essential points, it was completed by 114 participants
+(42\% of the registered participants). The outcome was that the online
+conference was perceived as comparable but somewhat worse than a typical on-site
+edition, but much better than what had been expected. Further, 72\% of
+respondents supported the idea of hybrid conferences as a way to reduce CO2
+emissions (with only 10\% against), and 52\% supported the idea of alternating
+physical and virtual conferences for the same purpose (with 26\% against).
+
+In terms of addressing the climate crisis by our research, one proposed research direction was to explore less compute-intensive machine-learning algorithms.
+
+\section{Recommendations}
+
+As organizers of the EDBT/ICDT 2020 climate change session, and based on the discussion during and after the session and on the follow-up survey, the authors of this document make the following recommendations to the EDBT Executive Committee and ICDT Council.
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item \textbf{Desiderata.} There is a pressing need to move to more sustainable models
+of holding conferences, which also brings other advantages:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item being more
+resilient against travel restrictions such as the ones caused by the COVID-19
+pandemic;
+\item being open to a more diverse array of participants, especially
+those who cannot travel because of family commitments, personal reasons;
+\item having flexibility to experiment with other formats for the event (in-depth
+discussion on Slack, archived video talks, etc.).
+\end{enumerate}
+Based on the EDBT/ICDT 2020
+report, a large majority of participants (72\% of 112 respondents) favor a
+hybrid conference model, with more limited support (52\%) for a model where physical and virtual meetings would alternate. Based on this, we recommend to adopt a hybrid conference model for EDBT/ICDT going forward.
+\item \textbf{TCS4F Manifesto.} To give a clear direction to this new model in terms of
+limiting carbon emissions and travel, we recommend that the EDBT/ICDT conference
+signs the TCS4F manifesto to commit to a 50\% reduction of its greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 relative to pre-2020 levels.
+\item \textbf{Climate Chair.} As part of the organization of the EDBT/ICDT conference every year, a Climate Chair should be appointed. The Climate Chair would be part of the local organization and consult directly with the General Chair. The Climate Chair would be responsible for the following:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item estimating the carbon impact of the conference, in particular making it public to participants at the conference and summarizing it in the proceedings;
+\item advising the organization on ways to reduce the carbon impact of the conference, including meals and menus (including vegetarian dishes), dishware, local transportation, excursions, promotional items, etc., balancing this with the objectives of the conference and the expectations of the conference;
+\item aggregating information about indirect emissions such as the travel emissions of conference participants when traveling to and from the conference venue;
+\item exploring options and providers for CO2 offsetting;
+\item monitoring compliance with multi-year reduction objectives (such as TCS4F);
+\item organizing community discussions about climate change, e.g., as follow-up events to the climate change session.
+\end{enumerate}
+\item \textbf{Registration and carbon offsets.} When on-site EDBT/ICDT participants register, they should be asked to self-report how they will travel to and from the conference venue (transportation means and distance). The corresponding CO2 emissions should then be estimated, to make participants aware of the impact of their travel. Participants should then be encouraged to include in their conference registration fee the price of offsetting the corresponding emissions, hopefully in a way that universities will be ready to reimburse. Alternatively, reductions in fees (e.g., for participants traveling by train rather than by plane) could be proposed. The data collected about these emissions should be used to estimate the indirect emissions of the conference, and be made available in anonymized form to enable further analysis.
+\item \textbf{Fees.} The registration fees should be different for on-site participants and remote participants. Remote participation should not be free, so as to cover the costs that it induces (e.g., service fees for hosting providers like Zoom, costs of professional video capture, equipment, online-offline social engagement, etc.). However, as much material as possible should be made available for free online, e.g., videos of talks, live streaming on platforms with no additional fees (such as Youtube live), access to text-based online discussion boards (e.g., Mattermost or Slack), etc.
+\item \textbf{Hybrid conference model.} There are multiple ways to host a hybrid event. Without dictating the specifics of how such an event should be organized, here are two broad proposals of possible models:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item On-site event in a single hub, but with high-quality remote participation:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item participants can attend the event on-site at the conference venue, or remotely;
+\item all sessions should be streamed live to remote participants, if possible using professional equipment and services;
+\item paper talks can also be given remotely, in streaming or as pre-recorded videos;
+\item remote participants can ask questions, by video or by text;
+\item social events, coffee breaks, etc., have an analogue for online participants (e.g., with a platform like gather.town);
+\item there is a text-based online discussion (e.g., Slack) available to both on-site and remote participants;
+\item more experimentally, there could be hybrid social events featuring an
+in-person and an online component, e.g., have screens with remote participants
+talking with in-person participants, or have ``matchmaking'' or ``speed dating'' opportunities where participants would make appointments to have an informal chat online with specific people.
+\end{enumerate}
+\item On-site event in multiple physical hubs, plus remote participation:
+\begin{enumerate}
+\item the event happens online, but participants are encouraged to regroup in
+a ``hub'' to attend it together;
+\item hubs can have several sizes, from very informal sites at the level of a research lab, to sites featuring social activities for a large number of participants for multiple countries (similarly to an official conference venue but for a subset of the participants);
+\item a call for hubs could be organized, similarly to calls to select the next physical venue of a conference, but allowing multiple hubs instead of just one single site;
+\item participants can attend the event on-site by registering at a hub of their choice, or attend remotely;
+\item to facilitate the organization, it may be more convenient to designate one of the hubs as a leader and being in charge of coordinating the logistics across hubs.
+\end{enumerate}
+\end{enumerate}
+\item \textbf{Green research.} We do not contest that EDBT/ICDT does not specifically
+focus on climate change and other environmental issues. However, we believe that
+the expertise of our communities, applied to the right problems, can offer
+useful insights and have significant impact on these issues. For this reason, we
+recommend to encourage the submission of papers that help with addressing
+environmental issues and climate change. This could take the form of an
+allocation of papers in the research, demo, application/industry tracks, or a
+``green'' label or special ``best green paper award'' at EDBT/ICDT. This encouragement should be advertised on the call for papers.
+\item \textbf{Updating the EDBT/ICDT guidelines.} The EDBT/ICDT guidelines document, which specifies how the conference is organized, should be updated to reflect any change in the conference modalities.
+\end{enumerate}
+%
+We encourage the EDBT Executive Committee and ICDT Council to investigate these issues, in time for the upcoming edition of EDBT/ICDT, while keeping in mind the prospects for future editions. While the most pressing concerns are understandably the immediate issues caused by the pandemic, we believe that the ongoing efforts to re-think conference organization should also serve long-term goals for our conference to adapt to the climate crisis.
+\end{document}
+
